Providing strong references is crucial when applying for jobs. A well-chosen reference can reinforce your qualifications and improve your chances of getting hired. However, choosing the wrong person can harm your application. Below, we explore who you should avoid listing as a reference and who to choose instead.
Who Not to Provide as a Reference
Family Members and Close Friends
While your family and friends may support you, employers prefer references who can provide an objective assessment of your work ethic and skills. Using a family member can appear biased and unprofessional.
Employers Who Fired You or Had a Negative Impression
If you had a poor relationship with a former employer or were terminated under negative circumstances, avoid using them as a reference. They may provide unfavorable feedback that could hurt your chances.
Coworkers Who Are Unfamiliar with Your Work
Listing a colleague who barely interacted with you may not be useful. Hiring managers want references who can speak to your contributions, skills, and strengths.
People You Haven’t Worked With Recently
A reference from a job you held many years ago may not be as relevant. Employers prefer to hear from recent supervisors or colleagues who can vouch for your current skills and work habits.
References Who May Speak Negatively About You
If there’s any doubt that a reference might provide negative feedback, it’s best to leave them out. Instead, choose individuals who will highlight your positive qualities.
Anyone Unprofessional or Unreliable
A reference who is difficult to reach, lacks professionalism, or is disorganized may not present you in the best light. Make sure your references are responsive and professional.
Who to Choose Instead
Former Supervisors Who Valued Your Work
A previous manager who appreciated your work ethic and skills can provide a strong, credible recommendation.
Colleagues Who Can Highlight Your Strengths
A coworker who has directly worked with you on projects and can vouch for your abilities is a solid choice.
Mentors or Professors (for Recent Graduates)
If you lack work experience, a professor, mentor, or internship supervisor can serve as a reference.
Clients or Business Partners (for Freelancers & Entrepreneurs)
For self-employed professionals, references from clients or business associates can showcase your reliability and expertise.
FAQ: Who Not to Provide as a Reference
No, using family members as references is not recommended. Employers prefer professional references who can provide an objective evaluation of your work ethic, skills, and experience. A family member may be seen as biased, which can reduce the credibility of your reference.
If you lack professional experience, consider using:
- Professors or academic advisors
- Internship supervisors
- Volunteer coordinators
- Coaches or mentors
- Clients (if you have done freelance work)
These individuals can speak to your skills, reliability, and work ethic.
Yes, but only if they have worked closely with you and can provide meaningful insights into your work performance. A colleague who barely knows your work will not be as effective as a supervisor or mentor.
Only if you are comfortable with them knowing about your job search and if they will provide a positive reference. If your current employer is unaware that you are job hunting, it’s best to avoid listing them to prevent any workplace tension.
If you were fired due to a negative situation, it’s best not to use that employer as a reference. Instead, consider choosing other past employers, supervisors, or colleagues who can highlight your strengths. If the termination was due to company-wide layoffs rather than poor performance, you may still be able to use them.
Most employers request 2–3 references, but some may ask for more. Always check the job listing for specific requirements.
Only if they have worked with you in a professional setting. Personal friends who cannot speak to your work ethic, skills, or accomplishments are not suitable references.
It’s best to choose references who can speak to your recent work. Employers prefer references from the last 5–7 years, as they provide a more accurate reflection of your current abilities. However, if an older reference is highly relevant to the job you are applying for, it may still be valuable.
If your reference is often unavailable or does not respond to calls or emails promptly, it might be best to choose someone else. Hiring managers may not have the time to chase down unresponsive references.
Absolutely. Always ask for permission before listing someone as a reference. This ensures they are willing and prepared to provide a positive recommendation when contacted by an employer.
